Is it a good idea to screen the pediatric population at-large for hematuria and proteinuria? This is a controversial topic, as generally speaking isolated hematuria or isolated proteinuria are almost always benign findings in pediatric populations, and…
Fabry’s Disease is an X-linked disease caused by a mutation in the alpha-galactosidase A gene, resulting in the accumulation of glycosphingolipids within lysosomes. In the kidney under electron microscopy, this is manifested as the presence of multiple round…
Did you know that there are tiny vesicles in your pee? A 2004 PNAS article by Pisitkun et al demonstrates that this is the case; the vesicles are secreted by tubular epithelial cells at the apical surface and…
Renal disease is not uncommon in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the differential diagnosis is quite interesting. Here is a list of the major causes, some of which are caused by the RA itself and others of which…
Rapamycin (sirolimus) is a commonly used immunosupressant deriving from the bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus, originally found on Easter Island. It was originally developed as an antifungal agent but later found to have potent immunosuppressive and antiproliferative properties. Although effective,…
