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Interventional Nephrology Series
Focus on Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Nephrology (POCUN) Series
Landmark Nephrology Series
Kidney Biopsy of the Month Series
Urine Sediment of the Month Series
Evaluation of Venous Congestion Using Point of Care Ultrasonography
Eduardo R Argaiz @ArgaizR, National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Salvador Zubiran, Mexico It is well known that congestion is the primary reason for hospitalization in patients with acute heart failure and an important target for therapy….
Basics of Doppler Ultrasound for the Nephrologist- Part 2
In the previous post, we talked about the Doppler effect, color flow and power Doppler modes. Now let us focus on the spectral Doppler. Spectral Doppler enables us to measure the velocity of blood flow as well as…
Basics of Doppler Ultrasound for the Nephrologist: Part 1
The greyscale ultrasound image is derived from the amplitude information in the echoes returning from a structure/organ. Rapidly moving structures such as red blood cells within blood vessels make very low amplitude echoes that cannot be displayed. That…
Bedside Ultrasonography of the Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters are one of the most successful long-term transcutaneous access devices ever used in medical practice. The catheter, if successfully placed can provide successful dialysis for years. For the above to be accomplished, various components…
An Overview of Lung Ultrasound: The COVID edition part 2
Last week we began with an introduction to lung ultrasound to equip us during the times of COVID-19. This week we dive into specific nuances that will aid our assessment of patients with COVID. Lung ultrasound for COVID-19…
An Overview of Lung Ultrasound for the Nephrologist: The COVID edition part 1
We have not talked about lung ultrasound (LUS) after the initial post about A- and B-lines last year. Amid COVID-19 pandemic, the role of LUS as a bedside diagnostic tool is expanding. It is being used to diagnose,…
Inferior Vena Cava POCUS: The Basics of Image Acquisition
Most novice users of POCUS are under the impression that inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound is very easy and it gives all the information about a patient’s volume status. Unfortunately, both are wrong. Proper identification of IVC can…
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound for the Nephrologist: Utility of the M-mode
M-mode, or the motion mode is used to image moving structures and measure their degree of motion over time. While we use it as an adjunct to 2-dimensional echocardiography (= regular greyscale ultrasound), M-mode has actually been used…
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound for the Nephrologist: The Subxiphoid View
Subxiphoid, also known as the subcostal view is the easiest cardiac view to obtain in most patients. It is particularly useful in mechanically ventilated patients, as it can be obtained reliably when no other sonographic windows are found…
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound: Abnormalities on the Apical View
Previously, we discussed the sonographic anatomy and principles of image acquisition of the apical view. Now let us talk briefly about some of the important abnormalities that can be seen on this view. Pericardial effusion This is a…