In the previous post, we talked about the Doppler effect, color flow and power Doppler modes. Now let us focus on the spectral Doppler. Spectral Doppler enables us to measure the velocity of blood flow as well as…
The greyscale ultrasound image is derived from the amplitude information in the echoes returning from a structure/organ. Rapidly moving structures such as red blood cells within blood vessels make very low amplitude echoes that cannot be displayed. That…
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheters are one of the most successful long-term transcutaneous access devices ever used in medical practice. The catheter, if successfully placed can provide successful dialysis for years. For the above to be accomplished, various components…
Last week we began with an introduction to lung ultrasound to equip us during the times of COVID-19. This week we dive into specific nuances that will aid our assessment of patients with COVID. Lung ultrasound for COVID-19…
We have not talked about lung ultrasound (LUS) after the initial post about A- and B-lines last year. Amid COVID-19 pandemic, the role of LUS as a bedside diagnostic tool is expanding. It is being used to diagnose,…
Most novice users of POCUS are under the impression that inferior vena cava (IVC) ultrasound is very easy and it gives all the information about a patient’s volume status. Unfortunately, both are wrong. Proper identification of IVC can…
M-mode, or the motion mode is used to image moving structures and measure their degree of motion over time. While we use it as an adjunct to 2-dimensional echocardiography (= regular greyscale ultrasound), M-mode has actually been used…
Subxiphoid, also known as the subcostal view is the easiest cardiac view to obtain in most patients. It is particularly useful in mechanically ventilated patients, as it can be obtained reliably when no other sonographic windows are found…
Previously, we discussed the sonographic anatomy and principles of image acquisition of the apical view. Now let us talk briefly about some of the important abnormalities that can be seen on this view. Pericardial effusion This is a…
Kidney cysts are commonly encountered in clinical practice- overall prevalence has been estimated to be 10.7%. Here are some common sonographic scenarios: Abhilash Koratala, MD