As a new pediatric nephrology fellow, my first weeks taking care of patients on hemodialysis were overwhelming. Each of my patients had complex problems and intricate physiology, and I initially learned to focus on the numbers – clearance,…
The normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) is a formula commonly used to assess dietary protein intake in dialysis patients, as a means towards determining nutritional adequacy, a major problem in many ESRD patients. For example, say you have…
I recently learned the “Survival Rule of Threes”–which gives a rough estimate of how long a person can live in various extreme survival conditions. For example…. …you can expect to live for 3 minutes without air. …you can…
Sometimes the formulations of vitamin D can get confusing. Here’s a few key points: 1. The terms “vitamin D2” and “vitamin D3” do not refer to the hydroxylation status of vitamin D–either D2 or D3 can exist in…
