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Leonardo Riella

What is your K+ threshold for dialysis?

Hyperkalemia can be a life-threatening condition. Nonetheless, in transplant recipients with delayed graft function, there is a tendency to try to avoid dialysis early after transplant. The reason behind this approach is that a session of hemodialysis further…

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Miracle drug?

A 72 year-old man who received a kidney transplant 5 years ago comes for a routine follow up. He is a quite active guy who recently traveled to Asia. His only major issue after transplant has been repetitive…

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Is CKD a bubble?

KDOQI guidelines emerged in 2002, classifying CKD in 5 stages based on the presence of kidney damage or GFR below 60ml/min, irrespective of cause. This classification increased the awareness of CKD in the general population and placed the…

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I recommend some nuts

I have a fresh case with great learning points that I would like to discuss today. So I will continue with the management of sensitized patients on my next blog. Case: This is a 70 yo female with…

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Doc, I am very sensitized!

Another day of transplant clinic… I heard from my attending that a couple is here for a second opinion about a kidney transplant. The husband is a 60 yo male with ESRD 2/2 PKD who had a previous…

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Boost it up!

Dealing with patients on dialysis can be challenging. In addition to the management of many comorbidities, nephrologists have to go down a list similar to a pilot’s checklist. Those include dialysis adequacy, access, electrolyte balance, fluid status, BP…

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Choose your poison

The way drug discoveries happen is always fascinating. Today, I heard Dr Nadler describe how he discovered Rituximab. He was a young oncology fellow at Dana-Farber back in 1979 when he convinced a colleague dentist to teach him…

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Achilles heel of dialysis

Vascular access is the Achilles tendon of hemodialysis. Just yesterday, I saw a patient with one of those lumbar catheters… Examining his arm revealed that he had failed 4 attempts of access creation (2 fistulas and 2 grafts)….

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Amazing Immunology!

I am still reviewing all my notes from the American Transplant Congress that occurred last May in sunny San Diego but I wanted to share with you a couple of interesting findings that I learned: First of all,…

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