Image from Radiology Picture of the Day http://www.radpod.org/2007/06/19/xanthogranulomatous-pyelonephritis/ Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is a rare but severe complication of chronic UTIs. I think of it (in simplistic terms) as a pyelonephritis so severe that it results in loss of…
As usually happens when the renal fellows help with the medical student nephrology block, I found myself confronted last week with questions I couldn’t answer. One involved the pathophysiology of posterior urethral valves (PUV), which came up in…
I wanted to share a case of a 35-year old man with hypertension and reduced renal function (GFR about 70). Family history was significant for a paternal grandmother and mother with hypertension. No evidence of secondary causes of…
Mostly I think about the bladder, in a professional sense, as a possible site for obstruction to be ruled out. Occasionally, when I’m personally reminded about it, I wonder how much urine it can hold. (Pearl from residency:…
How many of you have spoken with patients who complain of mid-back pain and tell you that their kidneys hurt? While dull, aching pain in the mid-lower back is more likely to be associated with musculoskeletal etiologies, kidney-related…
I had a patient come to see me last week with the rare disorder, Birt Hogg Dube Syndrome (BHD). She was referred with a mildly elevated serum creatinine and microalbuminuria against a background of a single kidney following…
I stumbled across a bit of Nephrology/Urology history the other day while strolling around a hospital in Paris: this plaque commemorating one of the key steps in the invention of ureteroscopy and cystoscopy. The plaque can be found…
We are taught that water is freely diffusable via cell membranes–even in the absence of aquaporin function, there are usually some water molecules which traverse the lipid bilayer. However, there are tissues within the human body which must…
Most would agree that the renal ultrasound is an invaluable tool in the workup of acute kidney injury. Although the renal ultrasound can give information regarding kidney echogenicity and presence of renal cysts, by and large its predominant…
Recently two separate groups have reported the successful carrying out of the first-ever human transvaginal nephrectomy–one report coming from the Cleveland Clinic and another from Venezuela. The surgery is being developed as an even less invasive surgical approach…
