Neuraminidase-associated TMA

A rare but interesting (and potentially fatal) type of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) called neuraminidase-associated TMA occurs with severe pneumococcal pneumonia or meningitis. Neuraminidase is a protease which cleaves off a specific antigen (Thomsen-Friedreich) on the surface of platelets…

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Primary versus Secondary FSGS

We all know that FSGS can exist in both primary and secondary forms. In both cases light microscopy identifies partially (“segmental”) sclerotic glomeruli in a variable (“focal”) distribution in the biopsy. How can you tell the different between…

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