MPGN: Think Different

In the week that Steve Jobs stepped down as CEO of Apple, it seems appropriate to tip our cap to that guru of simplicity, and take a stripped down, simplified approach to one of the biggest quagmires in…

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Surviving Stress in the Kidney Medulla

Hypertonicity in kidney medullary interstitium is essential for urinary concentration. Osmolality in the papillary interstitium can reach up to 1200 mOsm/kg. How do cells in the renal medullary interstitium survive this hypertonic stress? Virtually all cells respond to…

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HemoDoc in AJKD

Also in this months issue of AJKD is a very well written piece by Dr Peter Laird of HemoDoc and Dialysis from the sharp end of the needle in the In a Few Words section on his own…

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RFN bloggers in AJKD

Shameless plug. Check out the just released AJKD article, Embracing the Internet as a Means of Enhancing Medical Education in Nephrology by Matt and Conall along with Kenar and Sidharth from Nephron Power.

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A spoonful of sugar…

Cholera epidemics have been a major public health issue throughout recorded history and much energy was devoted towards preventing them and treating affected patients once they occurred. However, it was not until 1831 that it was recognized that…

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Urinalysis – concentration

Here are some simple facts about urine specific gravity, osmolality and their determination from the urinalysis. Specific gravity The reference substance for comparative purposes is water, which therefore has a specific gravity of 1.000. The so-called normal ranges…

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FSGS: The Basics

Gearoid did a nice job reviewing the recent exciting findings surrounding primary Focal Segment Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and I thought it would be a good opportunity to review some of the sometimes confusing terminology and clinical basics. To start,…

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