Subxiphoid, also known as the subcostal view is the easiest cardiac view to obtain in most patients. It is particularly useful in mechanically ventilated patients, as it can be obtained reliably when no other sonographic windows are found…
Previously, we discussed the sonographic anatomy and principles of image acquisition of the apical view. Now let us talk briefly about some of the important abnormalities that can be seen on this view. Pericardial effusion This is a…
Kidney cysts are commonly encountered in clinical practice- overall prevalence has been estimated to be 10.7%. Here are some common sonographic scenarios: Abhilash Koratala, MD
Apical window is a component of the standard FoCUS examination and is mainly used for the assessment of right ventricular systolic function, and its size relative to the left ventricle. It is also best for the Doppler interrogation…
Last month we focused on introducing the Parasternal Short Axis View (PSAX). Now we turn our attention to some of the must-know abnormalities for the nephrologist in this view. Left ventricular function As mentioned in the previous post,…
Ultrasonography of the kidneys is one of the most common imaging modalities performed in children in the nephrology clinic. The routine use of prenatal ultrasound in pregnancy care has additionally provided nephrologists with a view into the kidneys…
As a general rule, in any patient presenting with acute kidney injury without an obvious cause, obstructive nephropathy must be excluded because prompt intervention can lead to improvement or complete recovery of renal function. Therefore, the detection of…
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex clinical entity that encompasses multiple interactions between the heart and kidney. Ronco and colleagues classified CRS into five types. Below, we’ll focus on CRS type 1, or acute cardiac dysfunction (such as…
Why should nephrologists perform lung ultrasonography? Determination of volume status is a frequent challenge faced by nephrologists in routine clinical practice and errors in this assessment may result in inappropriate therapy and potentially adverse patient outcomes. Lung ultrasound…
Exclusion of urinary tract obstruction is one of the most common indications for point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) performed by nephrologists and internists, as it is a potentially reversible cause of acute kidney injury. Though obstruction of urinary…
