Bortezomib is a proteosome inhibitor used primarily in the treatment of relapsed myeloma. However, it is increasingly being used in the management of myeloma cast nephropathy (MCN). Bortezomib binds to, and inhibits the function of, the 26S proteosome…
The periodic paralysis syndromes are characterized by episodic attacks of acute muscle weakness, typically due to rapid fluxes in the serum potassium concentration, based on an abnormality in intracellular potassium shift. While there have been several instances of…
Although it is difficult to provide exact number, there are approximately 11 million illegal immigrants residing within the United States. Many of these individuals come from Mexico and other Latin American countries; since there appears to be a…
One of the challenges of taking care of your ESRD patients on the kidney transplant list is deciding on what kind of cardiovascular workup to perform. For obvious reasons, you don’t want to be performing a major abdominal…
The Poll Results from last week were relatively convincing: Up To Date is the most commonly used current reference system for rapidly obtaining nephrology knowledge, with 67% of respondents declaring Up To Date as their top source. I…
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the gradual enlargement of multiple fluid filled cysts in both kidneys, which compress and destroy normal adjacent nephrons, typically resulting in ESRD by the fifth decade of life. Management…
Although it’s not common (somewhere between 0.5 – 0.9% of all native kidney biopsies according to published case series), one of the fellows produced an interesting case of granulomatous interstitial nephritis in Renal Grand Rounds today. The case,…
Cardiovascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD and ESRD. Although myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death get a lot of attention, stroke is also extremely important in this population. How should…
In patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis, hydrothorax is defined as the presence of peritoneal dialysate fluid in the pleural cavity. This PD complication has an incidence of high glucose concentration and a variable cell count. Patients diagnosed with a…
Cancer-associated hypercalcemia is the #1 cause for hypercalcemia in the inpatient setting (in the outpatient setting, the main cause is primary hyperparathyroidism). In general, hypercalcemia of malignancy portends a poor prognosis, and there are three main mechanisms by…