Critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy are frequently given heparin to maintain circuit patency. In the presence of active HIT-II or HITT, even in the absence of clinical thrombosis, systemic anticoagulation with a direct thrombin inhibitor…
Sodium is the most abundant extracellular cation in humans. The concentration in the extracellular fluid is highly influenced by the amount of fluid it is dissolved in – the reason why we always say that most low sodium…
A few months ago I took care of a patient who, having been on peritoneal dialysis for a number of years, was losing weight, had poor small solute clearances and worsening edema. We transitioned her over to HD…
Here is a really excellent atlas covering all aspects of hemodialysis access function and malfunction which all renal fellows should read. We are indebted to Dr. Tushar Vachharajani, Marianne Neumann RN, and everyone at fistulafirst (www.fistulafirst.org/) for providing…
As previously discussed on RFN, the single pool Kt/V (spKt/V) was developed by Gotch and Sargent in a reanalysis of the NCDS data in an attempt to distinguish the dose of hemodialysis associated with improved outcomes. The spKt/V…
Eculizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to and prevents activation of the C5 complement protein. As you may remember, this protein is critical to the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) in complement dependent immune…
Imipenem is a beta-lactam antibiotic that has a wide spectrum of activity against gram negative and gram positive organisms and is commonly used in an ICU setting. It is always given in combination with Cilastatin and in most…
I was recently called to evaluate an obese patient with profound metabolic acidosis who was admitted to the hospital with change in mental status and poor oral intake for several days. Her admission labs revealed severe hyperglycemia (glucose…
A randomized controlled trial of loop diuretics was published in NEJM two weeks ago. The trial involved 308 patients, from 26 clinical sites. The details are below: Type: Prospective double-blind randomized controlled trial (intention to treat analysis) Inclusion:…
Happy World Kidney Day 2011! This years theme is- protect your kidneys, save your heart. World Kidney Day began in 2006 and has continued to grow each year. While every other organ system/disease has had a day/month for…