Literature shows that over half of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) will eventually develop some degree of acute kidney injury (AKI). The development AKI imparts significant repercussions to both the acute and long term…
NephMadness has begun! Submit your 2019 NephMadness picks here.We’ll review some NephMadness basics below and leak our picks for this year. 1.What is NephMadness? NephMadness is an educational game played out across social media, modeled after the US…
The use of urine sediment analysis is important for the diagnosis of glomerular hematuria. Red blood cells (RBC) casts, beautifully illustrated by @jrseltzer in last month’s post, usually confirm glomerular hematuria – but this is a rather special…
“You’ll come to learn a great deal if you study the insignificant in depth” ― Odysseus Elytis In kidney transplant recipients, serum creatinine (SCr) remains the mainstay of allograft function assessment. Biopsy is the gold standard to diagnose…
Despite tremendous advancements in transplant and immunosuppressive therapy, transplantation in sensitized patients remains a major challenge. The presence of pre-transplant donor-specific antibodies (DSA) is strongly associated with poor outcomes, hyperacute, and antibody-mediated rejection. Sensitization can occur through blood…
I commonly encounter two questions from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in regards to anemia: “How can I avoid taking injections?” “Is this anemia treatment safe” The development of anemia represents a challenging problem in patients with…
The 2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season was among the most active and devastating in history. Hurricane Maria caused an estimated $90 billion in damages in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, making it the third costliest tropical cyclone…
Exclusion of urinary tract obstruction is one of the most common indications for point of care ultrasonography (POCUS) performed by nephrologists and internists, as it is a potentially reversible cause of acute kidney injury. Though obstruction of urinary…
Midodrine [1-(2′,5′- dimethoxy phenyl-1)-2- glycinado-ethanol (1)- hydrochloride] is a prodrug with rapid and near complete bioavailability after oral administration resulting in peak plasma levels 40 minutes after oral consumption. Midodrine is then converted by enzymatic cleavage in the…
Last week we looked at the basics and useful terminology employed for examining a vascular access. Now we will focus on specifics of the physical exam. Physical Examination Inspection (Look) Visual inspection can provide important clues regarding the…